avś_12.004.01.
द॒दामी॒त्य् एव॒ ब्रूयाद् अ॒नु चैनाम् अ॒भुत्सत ।
वशां॒ ब्रह्म॒भ्यो या॒चद्भ्यस् त॒त् प्रजा॒वद् अ॒पत्यवत् ॥१॥
dádāmī́ty evá brūyād ánu cainām ábhutsata |
vaśā́ṃ brahmábhyo yā́cadbhyas tát prajā́vad ápatyavat ||1||
«Я отдаю (ее)» — вот так он должен сказать,
Если они ее наметили.
«(Я отдаю) корову брахмáнам, которые просят (ее)».
Это дает потомство, последующие поколения.
Give the gift, shall be his word: and straightway they have bound
the Cow
For Brāhman priests who beg the boon. That bringeth sons and
progeny.
'I give,' he shall surely say,'the sterile cow to the begging Brahmans' — and they have noted her — that brings progeny and offspring!
avś_12.004.02.
प्रज॒या स॒ वि॒ क्रीणीते पशु॒भिश् चो॒प दस्यति ।
य॒ आर्षेये॒भ्यो या॒चद्भ्यो देवा॒नां गां॒ न॒ दि॒त्सति ॥२॥
prajáyā sá ví krīṇīte paśúbhiś cópa dasyati |
yá ārṣeyébhyo yā́cadbhyo devā́nāṃ gā́ṃ ná dítsati ||2||
Тот разбазаривает (свое) потомство,
И (у него) истощается скот,
Кто не хочет давать корову богов
Сыновьям риши, которые просят (об этом).
He trades and traffics with his sons, and in his cattle suffers loss.
Who will not give the Cow of Gods to Rishis children when
they beg.
With his offspring does he trade, of his cattle is he deprived, that refuses to give the cow of the gods to the begging descendants of the Rishis.
avś_12.004.03.
कूट॒यास्य सं॒ शीर्यन्ते श्लोण॒या काट॒म् अर्दति ।
बण्ड॒या दह्यन्ते गृहाः॒ काण॒या दीयते स्व॒म् ॥३॥
kūṭáyāsya sáṃ śīryante śloṇáyā kāṭám ardati |
baṇḍáyā dahyante gr̥hā́ḥ kāṇáyā dīyate svám ||3||
Из-за безрогой (коровы) у него разваливаются (все помещения?),
Из-за хромой он попадает (?) в яму,
Из-за увечной сгорает дом,
Из-за одноглазой отбирается собственность.
They perish through a hornless cow, a lame cow sinks them in a
pit.
Through a maimed cow his house is burnt: a one-eyed cow
destroys his wealth.
Through (the gift of) a cow with broken horns his (cattle) breaks down, through a lame one he tumbles into a pit, through a mutilated one his house is burned, through a one-eyed one his property is given away.
avś_12.004.04.
विलोहितो॒ अधिष्ठा॒नाच् छक्नो॒ विन्दति गो॒पतिम् ।
त॒था वशा॒याः सं॒विद्यं दुरदभ्ना॒ ह्य् उ॑च्य॒से ॥४॥
vilohitó adhiṣṭhā́nāc chaknó vindati gópatim |
táthā vaśā́yāḥ sáṃvidyaṃ duradabhnā́ hy ùcyáse ||4||
Истечение кровью из-за места, где навоз,
Происходит у владельца коровы —
Таково условие в отношении коровы.
Ведь тебя называют безобманной (?).
Fierce fever where her droppings fall attacks the master of the
kine.
So have they named her Vasa, for thou art called uncontrollable.
Flow of blood attacks the cattle-owner from the spot where her dung is deposited: this understanding there is about the vasā (the sterile cow); for thou (sterile cow) art said to be very difficult to deceive!
avś_12.004.05.
पदो॒र् अस्या अधिष्ठा॒नाद् विक्लि॒न्दुर् ना॒म विन्दति ।
अनामना॒त् सं॒ शीर्यन्ते या॒ मु॒खेनोपजि॒घ्रति ॥५॥
padór asyā adhiṣṭhā́nād viklíndur nā́ma vindati |
anāmanā́t sáṃ śīryante yā́ múkhenopajíghrati ||5||
Из-за места, где ее две ноги,
(Болезнь) по имени виклинду происходит (у владельца коровы).
От (зла) без имени (?) приходят в упадок (те коровы),
Которые обнюхают ее, касаясь мордой.
The malady Viklindu springs on him from ground whereon she
stands,
And suddenly, from fell disease, perish the men on whom she
sniffs.
From the resting-place of her feet the (disease) called viklindu overtakes (the owner, or the cattle). Without sickness breaks down (the cattle) which she sniffs upon with her nose.
avś_12.004.06.
यो॒ अस्याः क॒र्णाव् आस्कुनो॒त्य् आ॒ स॒ देवे॒षु वृश्चते ।
ल॒क्ष्म कुर्व इ॒ति म॒न्यते क॒नीयः कृणुते स्व॒म् ॥६॥
yó asyāḥ kárṇāv āskunóty ā́ sá devéṣu vr̥ścate |
lákṣma kurva íti mányate kánīyaḥ kr̥ṇute svám ||6||
Кто делает надрезы на ее ушах,
Тот отлучается от богов.
«Я делаю знак» — так он считает,
(Но) он уменьшает (свою) собственность.
Whoever twitches up her ears is separated from the Gods.
He deems he makes a mark, but he diminishes his wealth
thereby.
He that pierces her ears is estranged from the gods. He thinks: 'I am making a mark (upon her),' (but) he diminishes his own property.
avś_12.004.07.
य॒द् अस्याः क॒स्मै चिद् भो॒गाय बा॒लान् क॒श् चित् प्रकृन्त॒ति ।
त॒तः किशोरा॒ म्रियन्ते वत्सां॒श् च घा॒तुको वृ॒कः ॥७॥
yád asyāḥ kásmai cid bhógāya bā́lān káś cit prakr̥ntáti |
tátaḥ kiśorā́ mriyante vatsā́ṃś ca ghā́tuko vŕ̥kaḥ ||7||
Если для чьей-нибудь выгоды
Кто-то отрежет у нее кисточку на хвосте,
От этого умирают (у него) жеребята,
И телят пожирает волк.
If to his own advantage one applies the long hair of her tail,
His colts, in consequence thereof. die, and the wolf destroys his
calves.
If any one for whatsoever purpose cuts her tail then do his colts die, and the wolf tears his calves.
avś_12.004.08.
य॒द् अस्या गो॒पतौ सत्या॒ लो॒म ध्वा॒ङ्क्षो अ॒जीहिडत् ।
त॒तः कुमारा॒ म्रियन्ते य॒क्ष्मो विन्दत्य् अनामना॒त् ॥८॥
yád asyā gópatau satyā́ lóma dhvā́ṅkṣo ájīhiḍat |
tátaḥ kumārā́ mriyante yákṣmo vindaty anāmanā́t ||8||
Если у нее, находящейся в присутствии хозяина,
Ворона выщипала волоски на теле,
От этого (у него) умирают (его) мальчики
(И) якшма происходит (у владельца коровы) от (зла) без имени (?).
If, while her master owneth her, a carrion crow hath harmed her
hair,
His young boys die thereof, Decline o'ertakes them after fell
disease.
If a crow has injured her hair, as long as she is with her owner then do his children die: decline overtakes them without (noticeable) sickness.
avś_12.004.09.
य॒द् अस्याः प॒ल्पूलनं श॒कृद् दासी॒ सम॒स्यति ।
त॒तो॒ ऽपरूपं जायते त॒स्माद् अ॒व्येष्यद् ए॒नसः ॥९॥
yád asyāḥ pálpūlanaṃ śákr̥d dāsī́ samásyati |
tátó 'parūpaṃ jāyate tásmād ávyeṣyad énasaḥ ||9||
Если женщина из дасов смешивает
Щелочь (?) (и) ее навоз,
От этого рождается уродство,
Которому не избежать того греха.
What time the Dāsi woman throws lye on the droppings of the
Cow,
Misshapen birth arises thence, inseparable from that sin.
If the serving-maid sweeps together her dung, that bites as lye, there arises from this sin disfigurement that passeth not away.
avś_12.004.10.
जा॒यमानाभि॒ जायते देवा॒न्त् स॒ब्राह्मणान् वशा॒ ।
त॒स्माद् ब्रह्म॒भ्यो दे॒यैषा॒ त॒द् आहुः स्व॒स्य गो॒पनम् ॥१०॥ {१९}
jā́yamānābhí jāyate devā́nt sábrāhmaṇān vaśā́ |
tásmād brahmábhyo déyaiṣā́ tád āhuḥ svásya gópanam ||10|| {19}
Рождаясь, корова рождается предназначенная
Для богов с брахманами.
Поэтому она должна быть отдана брахманам.
Это называют сохранением собственности.
For Gods and Brāhmans is the Cow produced when first she
springs to life,
Hence to the priests must she be given: this they call guarding
private wealth.
The sterile cow in her very birth is born for the gods and Brāhmanas. Hence to the Brahmans she is to be given: that, they say, guarantees the security of one's own property.
avś_12.004.11.
य॒ एनां वनि॒म् आय॒न्ति ते॒षां देव॒कृता वशा॒ ।
ब्रह्मज्ये॒यं त॒द् अब्रुवन् य॒ एनां निप्रियाय॒ते ॥११॥
yá enāṃ vaním āyánti téṣāṃ devákr̥tā vaśā́ |
brahmajyéyaṃ tád abruvan yá enāṃ nipriyāyáte ||11||
Кто приходит, прося ее,
Тем и принадлежит созданная богами корова.
Это называли насилием над брахманами,
Если кто удерживает ее у себя.
The God-created Cow belongs to those who come to ask for
her.
They call it outrage on the priests when one retains her as his
own.
For those that come requesting her the cow has been created by the gods. Oppression of Brahmans it is called, if he keeps her for himself.
avś_12.004.12.
य॒ आर्षेये॒भ्यो या॒चद्भ्यो देवा॒नां गां॒ न॒ दि॒त्सति ।
आ॒ स॒ देवे॒षु वृश्चते ब्राह्मणा॒नां च मन्य॒वे ॥१२॥
yá ārṣeyébhyo yā́cadbhyo devā́nāṃ gā́ṃ ná dítsati |
ā́ sá devéṣu vr̥ścate brāhmaṇā́nāṃ ca manyáve ||12||
Кто не хочет давать корову богов
Сыновьям риши, которые просят (об этом),
Тот отлучается от богов
И (встречает) гнев брахманов.
He who withholds the Cow of Gods from Rishis' sons who ask
the gift
Is made an alien to the Gods, and subject to the Brāhmans'
wrath:
He that refuses to give the cow of the gods to the descendants of the Rishis who ask for it, infringes upon the gods, and the wrath of the Brāhmanas.
avś_12.004.13.
यो॒ अस्य स्या॒द् वशाभोगो॒ अन्या॒म् इछेत त॒र्हि सः॒ ।
हिं॒स्ते अ॒दत्ता पु॒रुषं याचितां॒ च न॒ दि॒त्सति ॥१३॥
yó asya syā́d vaśābhogó anyā́m icheta tárhi sáḥ |
híṃste ádattā púruṣaṃ yācitā́ṃ ca ná dítsati ||13||
Каково бы ни было использование коровы,
В этом случае он должен искать другую.
Неотданная, она вредит человеку,
Когда о ней просят, а он не хочет отдавать.
Then let him seek another Cow, whate'er his profit be in this.
The Cow, not given, harms a man when he denies her at their
prayer.
Though he derives benefit from this sterile cow, another (cow) then shall he seek! When kept she injures (his) folk, if he refuses to give her after she has been asked for!
avś_12.004.14.
य॒था शेवधि॒र् नि॒हितो ब्राह्मणा॒नां त॒था वशा॒ ।
ता॒म् एत॒द् अछा॒यन्ति य॒स्मिन् क॒स्मिंश् च जा॒यते ॥१४॥
yáthā śevadhír níhito brāhmaṇā́nāṃ táthā vaśā́ |
tā́m etád achā́yanti yásmin kásmiṃś ca jā́yate ||14||
Как скрытое сокровище,
Такова корова брахманов.
Таким образом они приходят за ней,
У кого бы она ни рождалась.
Like a rich treasure stored away in safety is the Brāhmans' Cow.
Therefore men come to visit her, with whomsoever she is born.
The sterile cow is as a treasure deposited for die Brāhmanas: they come here for her, with whomsoever she is born.
avś_12.004.15.
स्व॒म् एत॒द् अछायन्ति य॒द् वशां॒ ब्राह्मणा॒ अभि॒ ।
य॒थैनान् अन्य॒स्मिन् जिनीया॒द् एवा॒स्या निरो॒धनम् ॥१५॥
svám etád achāyanti yád vaśā́ṃ brāhmaṇā́ abhí |
yáthainān anyásmin jinīyā́d evā́syā niródhanam ||15||
Таким образом они приходят за (своей) собственностью,
Когда брахманы (являются) за коровой.
Подобно тому как можно угнетать их в другом,
Таково (и) ее удерживание.
So when the Brāhmans come unto the Cow they come unto their
own.
For this is her withholding, to oppress these in another life.
The Brāhmanas come here for their own, when they come for the sterile cow. The refusal of her is, as though he were oppressing them in other concerns.
avś_12.004.16.
च॒रेद् एवा॒ त्रैहायणा॒द् अ॒विज्ञातगदा सती॒ ।
वशां॒ च विद्या॒न् नारद ब्राह्मणा॒स् त॒र्ह्य् एष्याः॑ ॥१६॥
cáred evā́ traihāyaṇā́d ávijñātagadā satī́ |
vaśā́ṃ ca vidyā́n nārada brāhmaṇā́s tárhy eṣyā̀ḥ ||16||
Так она может бродить до трех лет,
Будучи неопознанной в речи (?).
Но когда он узнает (яловую) корову, о Нарада,
Тут следует искать брахманов.
Thus after three years may she go, speaking what is not under-
stood.
He, Nārads! would know the Cow, then Brāhmans must be
sought unto.
I& If she herds up to her third year, and no disease is discovered in her, and he finds her to be a sterile cow, O Nārada, then must he look for the Brāhmanas.
avś_12.004.17.
य॒ एनाम् अ॒वशाम् आ॒ह देवा॒नां नि॒हितं निधि॒म् ।
उभौ॒ त॒स्मै भवाशर्वौ॒ परिक्र॒म्ये॒षुम् अस्यतः ॥१७॥
yá enām ávaśām ā́ha devā́nāṃ níhitaṃ nidhím |
ubháu tásmai bhavāśarváu parikrámyéṣum asyataḥ ||17||
Кто ее назвал неяловой коровой,
(Эту) скрытую драгоценность богов,
В него Бхава-и-Шарва, оба,
Выступив, выпускают стрелу.
Whoso calls her a worthless Cow, the stored-up treasure of the
Gods,
Bhava and Sarva, both of them, move round and shoot a shaft
at him.
If he denies that she is sterile, a treasure deposited for the gods, then Bhava and Sarva, both, come upon him, and hurl their arrow upon him.
avś_12.004.18.
यो॒ अस्या ऊ॒धो न॒ वेदा॒थो अस्या स्त॒नान् उत॒ ।
उभ॒येनैवा॒स्मै दुहे दा॒तुं चे॒द् अ॒शकद् वशा॒म् ॥१८॥
yó asyā ū́dho ná vedā́tho asyā stánān utá |
ubháyenaivā́smai duhe dā́tuṃ céd áśakad vaśā́m ||18||
Кто не знает ни ее вымени,
Ни также ее сосков,
Она все равно доится для него, с помощью обоих,
Если он смог отдать корову.
The man who hath no knowledge of her udder and the teats
thereof,
She yields him milk with these, if he hath purposed to bestow
the Cow.
Though he does not perceive upon her either udder, or tits, yet both yield him milk, if he has prevailed upon himself to give away the sterile cow.
avś_12.004.19.
दुरदभ्नै॒नम् आ॒ शये याचितां॒ च न॒ दि॒त्सति ।
ना॒स्मै का॒माः स॒म् ऋध्यन्ते या॒म् अ॒दत्त्वा चि॒कीर्षति ॥१९॥
duradabhnáinam ā́ śaye yācitā́ṃ ca ná dítsati |
nā́smai kā́māḥ sám r̥dhyante yā́m ádattvā cíkīrṣati ||19||
Безобманная (?), она в тягость ему,
Если он не хочет дать, когда просят (о ней).
Не исполняются его желания,
Которые он хочет осуществить, не отдав (ее).
If he withholds the Cow they beg, she lies rebellious in his stall.
Vain are the wishes and the hopes which he, withholding her,
would gain.
Hard to cheat, she oppresses him, if, when asked for, he refuses to give her. His desires are not fulfilled, if he aims to accomplish them without giving her away.
avś_12.004.20.
देवा॒ वशा॒म् अयाचन् मु॒खं कृत्वा॒ ब्रा॒ह्मणम् ।
ते॒षां स॒र्वेषाम् अ॒ददद् धे॒डं न्य् ए॑ति मा॒नुषः ॥२०॥ {२०}
devā́ vaśā́m ayācan múkhaṃ kr̥tvā́ brā́hmaṇam |
téṣāṃ sárveṣām ádadad dhéḍaṃ ny èti mā́nuṣaḥ ||20|| {20}
Боги попросили о корове,
Сделав брахмана (своим) ртом.
Человек, не дающий (ее) им всем,
Навлекает на себя ярость.
The Deities have begged the Cow, using the Brāhman as their
mouth:
The man who gives her not incurs the enmity of all the Gods.
The gods did ask for the sterile cow, making the Brāhmana their mouthpiece. The man that does not give (her) enters into the wrath of all of these.
avś_12.004.21.
हे॒डं पशूनां॒ न्य् ए॑ति ब्राह्मणे॒भ्यो॒ ऽददद् वशा॒म् ।
देवा॒नां नि॒हितं भागं॒ म॒र्त्यश् चे॒न् निप्रियाय॒ते ॥२१॥
héḍaṃ paśūnā́ṃ ny èti brāhmaṇébhyó 'dadad vaśā́m |
devā́nāṃ níhitaṃ bhāgáṃ mártyaś cén nipriyāyáte ||21||
Не дающий корову брахманам
Навлекает на себя ярость (домашнего) скота,
Если смертный удерживает у себя
Скрытую долю богов.
Withholding her from Brāhmans, he incurs the anger of the
beasts,
When mortal man appropriates the destined portion of the
Gods.
Into the wrath of the cattle enters he that gives not the sterile cow to the Brāhmanas; if he, the mortal, appropriates the share deposited for the gods.
avś_12.004.22.
य॒द् अन्ये॒ शतं॒ या॒चेयुर् ब्राह्मणा॒ गो॒पतिं वशा॒म् ।
अ॒थैनां देवा॒ अब्रुवन्न् एवं॒ ह विदु॒षो वशा॒ ॥२२॥
yád anyé śatáṃ yā́ceyur brāhmaṇā́ gópatiṃ vaśā́m |
áthaināṃ devā́ abruvann eváṃ ha vidúṣo vaśā́ ||22||
Если сотня других брахманов
Попросит корову у хозяина,
То боги сказали (бы) о ней:
«Корова принадлежит тому, кто так знает».
If hundred other Brāhmans beg the Cow of him who owneth
her,
The Gods have said, She, verily, belongs to him who knows the
truth.
Even if a hundred other Brāhmanas beg the owner for the sterile cow, yet the gods did say anent her: 'The cow belongs to him that knoweth thus.'
avś_12.004.23.
य॒ एवं॒ विदु॒षे ऽदत्त्वा॒थान्ये॒भ्यो द॒दद् वशा॒म् ।
दुर्गा॒ त॒स्मा अधिष्ठा॒ने पृथिवी॒ सह॒देवता ॥२३॥
yá eváṃ vidúṣe 'dattvā́thānyébhyo dádad vaśā́m |
durgā́ tásmā adhiṣṭhā́ne pr̥thivī́ sahádevatā ||23||
Кто, не отдав ее тому, кто так знает,
Отдаст корову другим,
Труднопроходимой (станет) для него земля,
Вместе с божествами там, где он живет.
Whoso to others, not to him who hath this knowledge, gives the
Cow,
Earth, with the Deities, is hard for him to win and rest upon.
He that refuses the sterile cow to him that knoweth thus, and gives her to others, difficult to dwell upon is for him the earth with her divinities.
avś_12.004.24.
देवा॒ वशा॒म् अयाचन् य॒स्मिन्न् अ॒ग्रे अ॒जायत ।
ता॒म् एतां॒ विद्यान् ना॒रदः सह॒ देवै॒र् उ॒द् आजत ॥२४॥
devā́ vaśā́m ayācan yásminn ágre ájāyata |
tā́m etā́ṃ vidyān nā́radaḥ sahá deváir úd ājata ||24||
Боги попросили корову (у того),
Где она вначале родилась.
Нарада пусть узнает ее такой —
Вместе с богами он выгнал ее наружу.
The Deities begged the Cow from him with whom at first she
was produced:
Her, this one, Nārada would know: with Deities he drove her
forth.
The gods did beg the sterile cow of him wilh whom she was born at first. That very one Nārada recognised and drove forth in company with the gods.
avś_12.004.25.
अनपत्य॒म् अ॒ल्पपशुं वशा॒ कृणोति पू॒रुषम् ।
ब्राह्मणै॒श् च याचिता॒म् अ॒थैनां निप्रियाय॒ते ॥२५॥
anapatyám álpapaśuṃ vaśā́ kr̥ṇoti pū́ruṣam |
brāhmaṇáiś ca yācitā́m áthaināṃ nipriyāyáte ||25||
(Яловая) корова делает человека
Лишенным потомства, с малочисленным скотом,
Если, когда ее просят брахманы,
Он оставляет ее себе.
The Cow deprives of progeny and makes him poor in cattle who
Retains in his possession her whom Brāhmans have solicited.
The sterile cow renders childless, and poor in cattle, him that yet appropriates her, when she has been begged for by the Brāhmanas.
avś_12.004.26.
अग्नी॒षोमाभ्यां का॒माय मित्रा॒य व॒रुणाय च ।
ते॒भ्यो याचन्ति ब्राह्मणा॒स् ते॒ष्व् आ॒ वृश्चते॒ ऽददत् ॥२६॥
agnī́ṣomābhyāṃ kā́māya mitrā́ya váruṇāya ca |
tébhyo yācanti brāhmaṇā́s téṣv ā́ vr̥ścaté 'dadat ||26||
Для Агни-и-Сомы, для Камы,
Для Митры и для Варуны —
Для них просят брахманы.
Не дающий (ее) отлучается от них.
For Agni and for Soma, for Kāma, Mitra and Varuna,
For these the Brāhmans ask: from these is he who giveth not
estranged.
For Agni and Soma, for Kāma, for Mitra, and for Varuna, for these do the Brāhmanas beg her: upon these he infringes, if he gl ves her not.
avś_12.004.27.
या॒वद् अस्या गो॒पतिर् नो॒पशृणुया॒द् ऋ॒चः स्वय॒म् ।
च॒रेद् अस्य ता॒वद् गो॒षु ना॒स्य श्रुत्वा॒ गृहे॒ वसेत् ॥२७॥
yā́vad asyā gópatir nópaśr̥ṇuyā́d ŕ̥caḥ svayám |
cáred asya tā́vad góṣu nā́sya śrutvā́ gr̥hé vaset ||27||
Пока ее хозяин сам
Не услышит гимнов,
До тех пор пусть она бродит среди его коров.
Но когда он услышал, пусть она не живет в его доме!
Long as her owner hath not heard, himself, the verses, let her
move
Among his kine: when he hath heard, let her not make her
home with him;
As long as the owner does not himself hear the stanzas referring to (the giving away of) her, she may herd among his cattle; (only) if he has not heard (them) may she pass the night in his house.
avś_12.004.28.
यो॒ अस्या ऋ॒च उपश्रु॒त्या॒थ गो॒ष्व् अ॒चीचरत् ।
आ॒युश् च त॒स्य भू॒तिं च देवा॒ वृश्चन्ति हीडिताः॒ ॥२८॥
yó asyā ŕ̥ca upaśrútyā́tha góṣv ácīcarat |
ā́yuś ca tásya bhū́tiṃ ca devā́ vr̥ścanti hīḍitā́ḥ ||28||
Кто, услышав гимны о ней,
Все же дал ей бродить среди (своих) коров,
Срок его жизни и благополучие
Урезают разъяренные боги.
He who hath heard her verses and still makes her roam among
his kine.
The Gods in anger rend away his life and his prosperity
He that has listened to the stanzas, yet has permitted her to herd among the cattle, his life and prosperity the angry gods destroy.
avś_12.004.29.
वशा॒ च॒रन्ती बहुधा॒ देवा॒नां नि॒हितो निधिः॒ ।
आवि॒ष् कृणुष्व रूपा॒णि यदा॒ स्था॒म जि॒घांसति ॥२९॥
vaśā́ cárantī bahudhā́ devā́nāṃ níhito nidhíḥ |
āvíṣ kr̥ṇuṣva rūpā́ṇi yadā́ sthā́ma jíghāṃsati ||29||
(Яловая) корова, бродящая по многим местам, —
Скрытое сокровище богов.
Прояви (свои) формы,
Когда захочешь отправиться (?) на (свое) место!
Roaming in many a place the Cow is the stored treasure of the
Gods,
Make manifest thy shape and form when she would seek her
dwelling-place.
The sterile cow, even when she rambles freely, is a treasure deposited for the gods. Make evident thy true nature when thou desirest to go to thy (proper) stable!
avś_12.004.30.
आवि॒र् आत्मा॒नं कृणुते यदा॒ स्था॒म जि॒घांसति ।
अ॒थो ह ब्रह्म॒भ्यो वशा॒ याञ्च्या॒य कृणुते म॒नः ॥३०॥ {२१}
āvír ātmā́naṃ kr̥ṇute yadā́ sthā́ma jíghāṃsati |
átho ha brahmábhyo vaśā́ yāñcyā́ya kr̥ṇute mánaḥ ||30|| {21}
Она делает себя явной,
Когда хочет отправиться (?) на (свое) место.
Вот тогда корова настраивается,
Чтобы попросить брахманов.
Her shape and form she manifests when she would seek her
dwelling-place;
Then verily the Cow attends to Brāhman priests and their
request.
She makes evident her nature when she desires to go to her (proper) stable. Then indeed the sterile cow puts it into the minds of the Brahmans to beg (for her).
avś_12.004.31.
म॒नसा सं॒ कल्पयति त॒द् देवां॒ अ॒पि गछति ।
त॒तो ह ब्रह्मा॒णो वशा॒म् उपप्र॒यन्ति या॒चितुम् ॥३१॥
mánasā sáṃ kalpayati tád devā́m̐ ápi gachati |
táto ha brahmā́ṇo vaśā́m upapráyanti yā́citum ||31||
Мыслью она решает.
Затем идет к богам.
После этого приходят брахманы
Просить (яловую) корову.
This thought he settles in his mind. This safely goeth to the
Gods.
Then verily the Brāhman priests approach that they may beg the
Cow
She evolves it in her mind, that (thought) reaches the gods. Then do the Brahmans come to beg for the sterile cow.
avś_12.004.32.
स्वधाकारे॒ण पितृ॒भ्यो यज्ञे॒न देव॒ताभ्यः ।
दा॒नेन राजन्यो॑ वशा॒या मातु॒र् हे॒डम् न॒ गछति ॥३२॥
svadhākāréṇa pitŕ̥bhyo yajñéna devátābhyaḥ |
dā́nena rājanyò vaśā́yā mātúr héḍam ná gachati ||32||
Благодаря возгласу «Свадха!» для предков,
Жертве для божеств,
Благодаря дарению коровы раджанья
Не вызывает гнева матери.
By Svadhā to the Fathers, by sacrifice to the Deities,
By giving them the Cow, the Prince doth not incur the mother's.
wrath.
The call svadhā befriends him with the Fathers, the sacrifice with the gods. Through the gift of the sterile cow the man of royal caste incurs not the anger of (her), his mother.
avś_12.004.33.
वशा॒ माता॒ राजन्य॑स्य त॒था सं॒भूतम् अग्रशः॒ ।
त॒स्या आहुर् अ॒नर्पणं य॒द् ब्रह्म॒भ्यः प्रदीय॒ते ॥३३॥
vaśā́ mātā́ rājanyàsya táthā sáṃbhūtam agraśáḥ |
tásyā āhur ánarpaṇaṃ yád brahmábhyaḥ pradīyáte ||33||
(Яловая) корова — мать раджаньи —
Так повелось с (самого) начала.
Говорят, (что это) не утрата ее,
Когда ее отдают брахмáнам.
The Prince's mother is the Cow: so was it ordered from of old.
She, when bestowed upon the priests, cannot be given back, they
say.
The sterile cow is the mother of the man of royal caste: thus was it from the beginning. It is said to be no (real) deprivation if she is given to the Brahmans.
avś_12.004.34.
य॒था॒ज्यं प्र॒गृहीतम् आलुम्पे॒त् स्रुचो॒ अग्न॒ये ।
एवा॒ ह ब्रह्म॒भ्यो वशा॒म् अग्न॒य आ॒ वृश्चते॒ ऽददत् ॥३४॥
yáthā́jyaṃ prágr̥hītam ālumpét srucó agnáye |
evā́ ha brahmábhyo vaśā́m agnáya ā́ vr̥ścaté 'dadat ||34||
Как если бы отнять у ложки
Жертвенное масло, предложенное костру,
Так тот, кто не дает брахмáнам
(Яловую) корову, отлучается от Агни.
As molten butter, held at length, drops down to Agni from the
scoop,
So falls away from Agni he who gives no Cow to Brāhman
priests.
As if he were to rob the ghee ladled up for Agni (the fire) from the (very) spoon, thus, if he gives not the sterile cow to the Brahmans, does he infringe upon Agni.
avś_12.004.35.
पुरोडा॒शवत्सा सुदु॒घा लोके॒ ऽस्मा उ॒प तिष्ठति ।
सा॒स्मै स॒र्वान् का॒मान् वशा॒ प्रददु॒षे दुहे ॥३५॥
puroḍā́śavatsā sudúghā loké 'smā úpa tiṣṭhati |
sā́smai sárvān kā́mān vaśā́ pradadúṣe duhe ||35||
С жертвенной лепешкой как с теленком, хорошо доящаяся,
Она приближается к нему в (этом) мире.
Для того, кто ее отдал, эта корова
Доится, исполняя все (его) желания.
Good milker, with rice-cake as calf, she in the world comes
nigh to him,
To him who gave her as a gift the Cow grants every hope and.
wish.
The sterile cow has the purodasa (sacrificial cake) for her calf, she yields plentiful milk, helps in this world, and fulfils all wishes for him that gives her (to the Brahmans).
avś_12.004.36.
स॒र्वान् का॒मान् यमरा॒ज्ये वशा॒ प्रददु॒षे दुहे ।
अ॒थाहुर् ना॒रकं लोकं॒ निरुन्धान॒स्य याचिता॒म् ॥३६॥
sárvān kā́mān yamarā́jye vaśā́ pradadúṣe duhe |
áthāhur nā́rakaṃ lokáṃ nirundhānásya yācitā́m ||36||
В царстве Ямы корова доится, исполняя
Все желания для того, кто ее отдал.
Так вот называют преисподней мир того,
Кто удерживает у себя (корову), которою просили.
In Yama's realm the Cow fulfils each wish for him who gave her
up;
But hell, they say, is for the man who, when they beg, bestow
her not.
The sterile cow fulfils all wishes in the kingdom of Yama for him that gives her. But they say that hell falls to the lot of him that withholds her, when she has been begged for.
avś_12.004.37.
प्रवीय॒माना चरति क्रुद्धा॒ गो॒पतये वशा॒ ।
वेह॒तं मा म॒न्यमानो मृत्योः॒ पा॒शेषु बध्यताम् ॥३७॥
pravīyámānā carati kruddhā́ gópataye vaśā́ |
vehátaṃ mā mányamāno mr̥tyóḥ pā́śeṣu badhyatām ||37||
Стельная, бродит корова,
Разгневанная на хозяина:
«Считая меня яловой,
Пусть он будет связан петлями смерти!»
Enraged against her owner roams the Cow when she hath been
impregned.
He deemed me fruitless is her thought; let him be bound in,
snares of Death!
The sterile cow, even if she should become fruitful, lives in anger at her owner: 'since he did regard me as sterile (without giving me to the Brahmans), he shall be bound in the fetters of death!'
avś_12.004.38.
यो॒ वेह॒तं म॒न्यमानो ऽमा॒ च प॒चते वशा॒म् ।
अ॒प्य् अस्य पुत्रा॒न् पौ॒त्रांश् च याच॒यते बृ॒हस्प॒तिः ॥३८॥
yó vehátaṃ mányamāno 'mā́ ca pácate vaśā́m |
ápy asya putrā́n páutrāṃś ca yācáyate bŕ̥haspátiḥ ||38||
Если кто дома варит корову,
Считая (ее) яловой,
Его сыновей и внуков также
Привлекает к ответу Брихаспати.
Whoever looking on the Cow as fruitless, cooks her flesh at
home,
Brihaspati compels his sons and children of his sons to beg.
He who thinks that the cow is sterile, and (yet) roasts her at home, even his children qnd grandchildren Brihaspati causes to be importuned (for her).
avś_12.004.39.
मह॒द् एषा॒व तपति च॒रन्ती गो॒षु गौ॒र् अ॒पि ।
अ॒थो ह गो॒पतये वशा॒ददुषे विषं॒ दुहे ॥३९॥
mahád eṣā́va tapati cárantī góṣu gáur ápi |
átho ha gópataye vaśā́daduṣe viṣáṃ duhe ||39||
Она испускает вниз сильный жар,
Бродя как (обычная) корова среди коров.
А затем для хозяина, не отдавшего (ее),
(Яловая) корова доится ядом.
Downward she sends a mighty heat, though amid kine a Cow
she roams.
Poison she yields for him who owns and hath not given her away.
Fiercely does the (supposed) sterile cow burn when she herds with the cattle, though she be a (fruitful) cow. She verily, too, milks poison for the owner that does not present her.
avś_12.004.40.
प्रियं॒ पशूनां॒ भवति य॒द् ब्रह्म॒भ्यः प्रदीय॒ते ।
अ॒थो वशा॒यास् त॒त् प्रियं॒ य॒द् देवत्रा॒ हविः॒ स्या॒त् ॥४०॥ {२२}
priyáṃ paśūnā́ṃ bhavati yád brahmábhyaḥ pradīyáte |
átho vaśā́yās tát priyáṃ yád devatrā́ havíḥ syā́t ||40|| {22}
(Это) бывает приятно для скота,
Когда ее отдают брахмáнам.
А также это приятно (яловой) корове,
Что она будет жертвой у богов.
The animal is happy when it is bestowed upon the priests:
But happy is the Cow when she is made a sacrifice to Gods.
It pleases the cattle when she is given to the Brahmans; moreover, the sterile cow is pleased, when she is made an offering to the gods (Brahmans).
avś_12.004.41.
या॒ वशा॒ उद॒कल्पयन् देवा॒ यज्ञा॒द् उदे॒त्य ।
ता॒सां विलिप्त्यं॒ भीमा॒म् उदा॒कुरुत नारदः॒ ॥४१॥
yā́ vaśā́ udákalpayan devā́ yajñā́d udétya |
tā́sāṃ viliptyáṃ bhīmā́m udā́kuruta nāradáḥ ||41||
Каких (яловых) коров подготовили
Боги, поднявшись из жертвы,
Из них Нарада выбрал себе
Страшную вилипти.
Nārada chose the terrible Vilipti out of all the cows Which the
Gods formed and framed when they had risen up from sacri-
fice
From the sterile cows which the gods, returning from the sacrifice, created, Nārada picked out as (most) terrible the viliptī.
avś_12.004.42.
तां॒ देवा॒ अमीमांसन्त वशे॒या॒३म् अ॒वशे॒ति ।
ता॒म् अब्रवीन् नारद॒ एषा॒ वशा॒नां वश॒तमे॒ति ॥४२॥
tā́ṃ devā́ amīmāṃsanta vaśéyā́3m ávaśéti |
tā́m abravīn nāradá eṣā́ vaśā́nāṃ vaśátaméti ||42||
Сомневаясь относительно нее, боги (говорили) так:
«Корова это (или) не-корова?»
Нарада сказал о ней:
«Она самая корова из коров».
The Gods considered her in doubt whether she were a Cow or
not.
Mirada spake of her and said, The veriest Cow of cows is she.
In reference to her the gods reflected: 'Is she a sterile cow, or not?' And Nārada in reference to her said: 'Of sterile cows she is the most sterile!'
avś_12.004.43.
क॒ति नु॒ वशा॒ नारद या॒स् त्वं॒ वेत्थ मनुष्यजाः॒ ।
ता॒स् त्वा पृछामि विद्वां॒सं क॒स्या ना॒श्नीयाद् अ॒ब्राह्मणः ॥४३॥
káti nú vaśā́ nārada yā́s tváṃ vettha manuṣyajā́ḥ |
tā́s tvā pr̥chāmi vidvā́ṃsaṃ kásyā nā́śnīyād ábrāhmaṇaḥ ||43||
Сколько же коров, Нарада,
Которых ты знаешь, рождено среди людей?
О них я спрашиваю тебя, который знает,
Какую не должен вкушать не-брахман.
How many cows, O Nārada, knowest thou, born among man-
kind
I ask thee who dost know, of which must none who is no
Brāhman eat?
'How many sterile cows (are there), O Nārada, which thou knowest to be born among men?' About these do I ask thee, that knowest: 'Of which may the non-Brāhmana not eat?'
avś_12.004.44.
विलिप्त्या॒ बृहस्पते या॒ च सूत॒वशा वशा॒ ।
त॒स्या ना॒श्नीयाद् अ॒ब्राह्मणो य॒ आशं॒सेत भू॒त्याम् ॥४४॥
viliptyā́ br̥haspate yā́ ca sūtávaśā vaśā́ |
tásyā nā́śnīyād ábrāhmaṇo yá āśáṃseta bhū́tyām ||44||
От вилипти, о Брихаспати,
И от коровы, которая яловая после первого теленка, —
От нее не должен (ничего) есть не-брахман,
Который хочет надеяться на процветание.
Vilipti, cow, and she who drops no second calf, Brihaspati!
Of these none not a Brāhmana should eat if he hope for emi-
nence.
Of the viliptī, of her that has born a sterile cow, and of the sterile cow (herself), the non-Brāhmana, that hopes for prosperity, shall not eat!
avś_12.004.45.
न॒मस् ते अस्तु नारदानुष्ठु॒ विदु॒षे वशा॒ ।
कतमा॒सां भीम॒तमा या॒म् अ॒दत्त्वा पराभ॒वेत् ॥४५॥
námas te astu nāradānuṣṭhú vidúṣe vaśā́ |
katamā́sāṃ bhīmátamā yā́m ádattvā parābhávet ||45||
Да будет поклонение тебе, о Нарада!
(Да будет) корова тому, кто сразу (все) знает!
Какая из них самая страшная,
Не отдав которую, (человек) должен прийти в упадок?
Homage, O Nārada, to thee who hast quick knowledge of the
cows.
Which of these is the direst, whose withholding bringeth death
to man?
Reverence be to thee, O Nārada, that knowest thoroughly which sterile cow is the most terrible, by withholding which (from the Brahmans) destruction is.incurred.
avś_12.004.46.
विलिप्ती॒ या॒ बृहस्पते॒ ऽथो सूत॒वशा वशा॒ ।
त॒स्या ना॒श्नीयाद् अ॒ब्राह्मणो य॒ आशं॒सेत भू॒त्याम् ॥४६॥
viliptī́ yā́ br̥haspaté 'tho sūtávaśā vaśā́ |
tásyā nā́śnīyād ábrāhmaṇo yá āśáṃseta bhū́tyām ||46||
Которая вилипти, о Брихаспати,
А также корова, яловая после первого теленка,
От нее не должен (ничего) есть не-брахман,
Который хочет надеяться на процветание.
Vilipti, O Brihaspati, cow, mother of no second calf—Of these
none not a Brāhman should eat if he hope for eminence.
The viliptī, O Brihaspati, her that has, begotten a sterile cow, and the sterile cow (herself), the non-Brāhmana, that hopes for prosperity, shall not eat!
avś_12.004.47.
त्री॒णि वै॒ वशाजाता॒नि विलिप्ती॒ सूत॒वशा वशा॒ ।
ताः॒ प्र॒ यछेद् ब्रह्म॒भ्यः सो॒ ऽनाव्रस्कः॒ प्रजा॒पतौ ॥४७॥
trī́ṇi vái vaśājātā́ni viliptī́ sūtávaśā vaśā́ |
tā́ḥ prá yached brahmábhyaḥ só 'nāvraskáḥ prajā́patau ||47||
(Есть) целых три рода коров:
Вилипти, (та, что) яловая после первого теленка, (просто) яловая корова.
Их (человек) должен отдавать брахмáнам.
(Тогда) он неуязвим у Праджапати.
Threefold are kine, Vilipti, cow, the mother of no seeond calf:
These one should give to priests, and he will not offend Prajā-
pati.
Three kinds, forsooth, of sterile cows are there: the viliptī, she that has begotten a sterile cow, and the sterile cow (herself). These he shall give to the Brahmans; (then) does he not estrange himself from Pragāpati.
avś_12.004.48.
एत॒द् वो ब्राह्मणा हवि॒र् इ॒ति मन्वीत याचितः॒ ।
वशां॒ चे॒द् एनं या॒चेयुर् या॒ भीमा॒ददुषो गृहे॒ ॥४८॥
etád vo brāhmaṇā havír íti manvīta yācitáḥ |
vaśā́ṃ céd enaṃ yā́ceyur yā́ bhīmā́daduṣo gr̥hé ||48||
«Это ваша жертва, о брахманы», —
Так он должен подумать, когда его попросят,
Если попросят у него корову,
(Ту), что страшная (живет) в доме не отдавшего (ее).
This Brāhmans! is your sacrifice: thus should one think when he
is asked,
What time they beg from him the Cow fearful in the with-
holder's house.
'This is your oblation, O Brāhmanas,' thus shall he reflect, if he is supplicated, if they ask him for the sterile cow, terrible in the house of him that refuses to give her.
avś_12.004.49.
देवा॒ वशां॒ प॒र्य् अवदन् न॒ नो ऽदाद् इ॒ति हीडिताः॒ ।
एता॒भिर् ऋग्भि॒र् भेदं॒ त॒स्माद् वै॒ स॒ प॒राभवत् ॥४९॥
devā́ vaśā́ṃ páry avadan ná no 'dād íti hīḍitā́ḥ |
etā́bhir r̥gbhír bhedáṃ tásmād vái sá párābhavat ||49||
Боги, разгневанные, говорили насчет яловой коровы:
«Он нам (ее) не отдал!» —
В этих стихах (они говорили) насчет Бхеды.
Вот поэтому он погиб.
He gave her not to us, so spake the Gods, in anger, of the Cow.
With these same verses they addressed Bheda: this brought
him to his death.
The gods animadverted in reference to Bheda and the sterile cow, angry because he had not given her, in these verses-and therefore he (Bheda) perished.
avś_12.004.50.
उतै॒नां भेदो॒ ना॒ददाद् वशा॒म् इ॒न्द्रेण याचितः॒ ।
त॒स्मात् तं॒ देवा॒ आ॒गसो॒ ऽवृश्चन्न् अहमुत्तरे॒ ॥५०॥
utáināṃ bhedó nā́dadād vaśā́m índreṇa yācitáḥ |
tásmāt táṃ devā́ ā́gasó 'vr̥ścann ahamuttaré ||50||
Бхеда также не отдал ее,
Когда Индра попросил о корове.
Из-за этого преступления
Боги расщепили его в состязании за превосходство.
Solicited by Indra, still Bheda refused to give this Cow.
In strife for victory the Gods destroyed him for that sin of his.
Bheda did not present the sterile cow, though requested by Indra: for this sin the gods crushed him in battle.
avś_12.004.51.
ये॒ वशा॒या अ॒दानाय व॒दन्ति परिरापि॒णः ।
इ॒न्द्रस्य मन्य॒वे जाल्मा॒ आ॒ वृश्चन्ते अ॒चित्त्या ॥५१॥
yé vaśā́yā ádānāya vádanti parirāpíṇaḥ |
índrasya manyáve jālmā́ ā́ vr̥ścante ácittyā ||51||
Болтуны, которые уговаривают
Не отдавать (яловую) корову,
(Эти) подлецы по недомыслию
Навлекают на себя гнев Индры.
The men of evil counsel who advise refusal of the Cow,
Miscreants, through their foolishness, are subjected to Indra's
wrath.
The counsellors that advise the withholding (of the sterile cow), they, the rogues, in their folly, conflict with the wrath of Indra.
avś_12.004.52.
ये॒ गो॒पतिं पराणी॒याथाहु॒र् मा॒ ददा इ॒ति ।
रुद्र॒स्यास्तां ते हेतीं॒ प॒रि यन्त्य् अ॒चित्त्या ॥५२॥
yé gópatiṃ parāṇī́yāthāhúr mā́ dadā íti |
rudrásyāstāṃ te hetī́ṃ pári yanty ácittyā ||52||
(Те), кто уведя хозяина коровы,
Затем говорят: «Не отдавай!»,
Они по недомыслию встречают
Дротик, брошенный Рудрой.
They who seduce the owner of the Cow and say, Bestow her
not.
Encounter through their want of sense the missile shot by
Rudra's hand.
They who lead the owner of cattle aside, then say to him: 'do not give,' in their folly they run into the missile hurled by Rudra.
avś_12.004.53.
य॒दि हुतं॒ य॒द्य् अ॒हुताम् अमा॒ च प॒चते वशा॒म् ।
देवा॒न्त् स॒ब्राह्मणान् ऋत्वा॒ जिह्मो॒ लोका॒न् नि॒र् ऋछति ॥५३॥ {२३}
yádi hutáṃ yády áhutām amā́ ca pácate vaśā́m |
devā́nt sábrāhmaṇān r̥tvā́ jihmó lokā́n nír r̥chati ||53|| {23}
Если кто дома варит (яловую) корову
Как пожертвованную (или) если как непожертвованную,
(То) принеся вред богам вместе с брахманами,
Он выпадает из мира вниз.
If in his home one cooks the Cow, sacrificed or not sacrificed.
Wronger of Gods and Brāhmans' he departs, dishonest, from
the world.
And if he roasts the sterile cow at home, whether he makes a sacrifice of her, or not, he sins against the gods and Brāhmanas, and as a cheat falls from heaven.