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Hemacandra, Abhidhānacintāmaṇi (ABCH)

ABCH is Hemacandrācārya's Abhidhānacintāmaṇi — one of the most celebrated synonym dictionaries (kośa) in the Sanskrit tradition. Unlike a bilingual dictionary, it is a versified thesaurus: it groups the synonyms of a concept together, arranged by subject sections (kāṇḍa). It is a Jain work (the first section treats the Arhat / Jina).

At a glance

CodeABCH (source in csl-orig/v02/abch; no separate repo)
Full titleAbhidhānacintāmaṇi
AuthorHemacandrācārya
Size~58 pages (xiv+58)
TypeSynonym kośa (Sanskrit, in verse)
AccentsNo
Sourcecsl-orig/v02/abch/
OpenBasic · List · Advanced · Mobile
DataDownloads
csl-docabch.rst

When to use it

Reach for ABCH to find the classical synonyms of a word, or to read the kośa tradition directly. It answers "what are the Sanskrit words for X?" rather than "what does X mean in English." For meanings in English use Monier-Williams (MW). See also the supplement (ACPH) and gleanings (ACSJ) to this kośa, and the larger modern kośas SKD / VCP.

Looking up a word

Open the Basic display, pick your input/output transliteration (see Encoding & Transliteration), and type a word — you land in the synonym group that contains it. See Search & Display.

Reading an entry

Each entry is a synonym group (<syns>) for one concept, followed by the verse that states them; the section is named in <info kvvv>. The first entry — synonyms of the Arhat (csl-orig/v02/abch/abch.txt):

<L>1<pc>5
<info kvvv="<s>devADidevakARqaH</s>"/>
<eid>1<syns><s>arhan-puM,jina-puM,pAragata-puM,trikAlavit-puM,…</s>
<s>arhaYjinaH pAragatastrikAlavitkzIRAzwakarmA paramezWyaDISvaraH .</s>
In the sourceMeaning
<info kvvv="…devADidevakARqaH">the subject section (kāṇḍa) — here "of gods"
<eid>1the entry id
<syns><s>arhan-puM, jina-puM, …</s>the synonyms (each tagged with gender, e.g. -puM = masculine)
the line of <s>…</s> versethe original verse stating those synonyms

See Data Formats for the markup reference.

What makes it distinctive

  • A synonym thesaurus, in verse. Groups the Sanskrit words for a concept, by section.
  • The classic Jain kośa by Hemacandra — with its own supplement and gleanings.

See also